How to identify uniform fabrics tells you what factors affect the shrinkage rate of uniform fabrics

Brand clothing is a dream thing for any clothing company. The market benefits and high profits of branded clothing are self-evident. In addition to the characteristics of novel styles, high-quality fabrics, and exquisite workmanship, branded clothing also has a very important point, which is the stability of the clothing.

In articles such as chiffon shirts and branded women's clothing, everyone has learned some unknown knowledge, but "How to identify uniform fabrics tells you what factors affect the shrinkage rate of uniform fabrics" is still relatively unfamiliar to many people. Yes, today we will take a look:

There are many types of uniform fabrics. Uniform fabrics can be divided into three categories: woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, natural fur and imitation fur fabrics. Fabrics usually account for more than 30% of the cost of clothing, so the quality of uniform fabrics has a great impact on the finished product. What are the common identification methods for uniform fabrics?

1. Polyester-cotton cloth: the gloss is brighter than pure cotton cloth, the cloth surface is smooth, and it is clean and free of yarn ends or impurities. It feels smooth and crisp, and has better elasticity than pure cotton. After squeezing the fabric tightly, loosen it, the crease is not obvious, and it is easy to restore to its original shape.

2. Viscose cotton cloth (including rayon and fiber-rich cloth): The cloth surface has soft and bright luster, bright colors, smooth and clean, soft hand feeling, and poor elasticity. After squeezing the fabric tightly with your hands, loosen it, you can see obvious creases, and the creases are not easy to restore to their original shape.

3. Pure woolen woolen woolen cloth: The surface is plump, and the texture is tight and thick. There are fine piles on the surface, and the texture is generally not revealed. It feels warm, plump and flexible. The yarn is mostly thick single yarn.

4. Pure wool worsted woolen cloth: The surface of the fabric is smooth and clean, and the texture is fine and clear. The luster is soft and natural, and the color is pure. It feels soft and flexible. Squeeze the dough with your hands to loosen it, the crease is not obvious, and it can quickly return to its original shape. Most yarn counts are double strands.

5. Pure cotton cloth: The cloth surface has soft luster, soft hand feeling, poor elasticity and easy to wrinkle. After squeezing the fabric tightly and loosening it, you can see obvious creases, and the creases are not easy to restore to their original shape. Pull out several warp and weft yarns from the edge of the cloth and twist them to see that the fiber lengths are different.

6. Wool-polyester blended woolen cloth: Appearance has the style of pure wool fabric. The texture of the cloth is clear, flat and smooth, and the hand feel is not as soft as pure wool fabric. It has a stiff and rough feel, and its elasticity exceeds that of all wool and woolen cloth. After squeezing the dough with your hands, loosen it, and the creases quickly return to their original shape.

7. Wool-acrylic blended woolen cloth: mostly worsted. It has a strong sense of wool, with a woolen style, and a warm feeling. Not as elastic as wool polyester.

8. Wool and nylon blended woolen cloth: The surface is smooth, the woolen feel is strong, the appearance is waxy luster, and the hand feels stiff. After squeezing the woolen cloth tightly and loosening it, there are obvious creases in the uniform fabric. How to identify the uniform fabric can slowly return to its original shape.


1. Raw materials

Different fabrics have different shrinkage rates. Generally speaking, for fibers with high moisture absorption, after being immersed in water, the fiber expands, its diameter increases, its length decreases, and its shrinkage rate is large. If some viscose fiber has a water absorption rate as high as 13%, while the synthetic fiber fabric has poor hygroscopicity, its shrinkage rate is small.

2. Density

The density of the fabric is different, the shrinkage rate is also different. If the density in the warp and weft directions is similar, the shrinkage rate in the warp and weft directions is also close. Fabrics with a high warp density will shrink in the warp direction. Conversely, fabrics with a weft density greater than the warp density will shrink in the weft direction.

3. Yarn thickness

Different fabric yarn counts have different shrinkage rates. The shrinkage rate of fabrics with thick yarn counts is large, and the shrinkage rate of fabrics with fine yarn counts is small.

4. Production process

Different fabric production processes have different shrinkage rates. Generally speaking, in the process of weaving, dyeing and finishing of the fabric, the fiber has to be stretched many times, and the processing time is long. The shrinkage rate of the fabric with greater applied tension is greater, and vice versa.

5. Fiber composition

Compared with synthetic fibers (such as polyester and acrylic), natural plant fibers (such as cotton, hemp) and plant regenerated fibers (such as viscose) are easy to absorb moisture and expand, so the shrinkage rate is larger, while wool is due to the scale structure on the fiber surface It is easy to felt and affects its dimensional stability.

6. Fabric structure

In general, the dimensional stability of woven fabrics is better than that of knitted fabrics; the dimensional stability of high-density fabrics is better than that of low-density fabrics. In woven fabrics, the shrinkage rate of plain weave fabrics is generally less than that of flannel fabrics; while in knitted fabrics, the shrinkage rate of plain stitches is less than that of ribbed fabrics.

7. Production process

As the fabric is inevitably stretched by the machine during the process of dyeing, printing, and finishing, there is tension on the fabric. However, the tension of the fabric is easily relieved after it meets with water, so we will find that the fabric shrinks after washing. In the actual process, we generally use pre-shrinking to solve this problem.

8. Washing care process

Washing care includes washing, drying, and ironing. Each of these three steps will affect the shrinkage of the fabric. For example, the dimensional stability of hand-washed samples is better than that of machine-washed samples, and the washing temperature will also affect its dimensional stability. Generally speaking, the higher the temperature, the worse the stability. The drying method of the sample has a relatively large impact on the shrinkage of the fabric.

Commonly used drying methods include drip drying, metal mesh tiling, hanging drying and rotating drum drying. Among them, the drip drying method has a small effect on the size of the fabric, while the drum arch drying method has a large effect on the size of the fabric, and the other two are in the middle.

In addition, choosing an appropriate ironing temperature according to the composition of the fabric can also improve the shrinkage of the fabric. For example, cotton and linen fabrics can be ironed at a high temperature to improve their size shrinkage. But it is not that the higher the temperature, the better. For synthetic fibers, high-temperature ironing will not only improve its shrinkage, but will damage its performance, such as the fabric becoming hard and brittle.

"How to identify uniform fabrics, tell you what are the factors that affect the shrinkage rate of uniform fabrics", our editor carefully prepared for everyone, remember what was said in the previous chiffon shirt? These may all be incomplete, and we will explain them one by one in future articles!